This is a freely-accessible, publicly-funded digital archive that collects together significant documents relating to the history of copyright law and practice. The documents have been selected by national editors, with the input of an editorial advisory board. Key documents are, where appropriate, transcribed and translated. The editors have written commentaries, explaining the reasons for selecting documents and their significance. The project was launched in 2008, initially funded by the AHRC in relation to 5 countries. Since 2024 it is supported by the AHRC as UK research infrastructure. The archive now extends to more than 20 (including historical and religious) jurisdictions and over 700 primary source documents. They can be browsed by date/language/jurisdiction, or searched.
1518* | The Articles of the Pope's Bulle (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1538* | Henrician Proclamation (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1553* | Totell's Printing Patent (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1553 | William Seres' Printing Patent (United Kingdom) |
1553 | John Day's Privilege for the Catechism (United Kingdom) |
1554 | Selected Extracts from the Stationers' Company's Registers (United Kingdom) |
1557* | Stationers' Charter (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1557 | The Privy Seal warrant concerning the Stationers' Charter (United Kingdom) |
1558 | Calve's privilege for the 'Holsome and Catholick Doctrine' (United Kingdom) |
1558 | Phayer's privilege for Virgil's Aeneid (United Kingdom) |
1559* | Elizabethan Injunctions (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1559 | Day's The Cosmographical Glass (United Kingdom) |
1559* | Day's privilege for The Cosmographical Glass (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1559 | Jugge and Cawood's printing patent for statute books (United Kingdom) |
1559 | Seres' patent for Primers and Psalters (United Kingdom) |
1559 | Totell's patent for Common Law Books (United Kingdom) |
1566* | Star Chamber Decree (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1586* | Star Chamber Decree (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1618 | Daniel's The Collection of the Historie of England (United Kingdom) |
1624* | Statute of Monopolies (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1637* | Star Chamber Decree (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1643* | The Humble Remonstrance of the Stationers' Company (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1643 | An Ordinance for the Regulation of Printing (United Kingdom) |
1644 | Milton's Areopagitica (United Kingdom) |
1647 | Ordinance against Unlicensed or Scandalous Pamphlets (United Kingdom) |
1649 | An Act against Unlicensed and Scandalous Books and Pamphlets (United Kingdom) |
1653 | An Act for reviving [the 1649 Act] (United Kingdom) |
1662* | Licensing Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1662 | Licensing Act (parchment copy) (United Kingdom) |
1663 | L'Estrange's Considerations and Proposals (United Kingdom) |
1667* | Milton's Contract (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1667 | Recital of the Stationers' Charter (United Kingdom) |
1672* | Usher's Printing Privilege (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1684 | Stationers' Charter (United Kingdom) |
1690* | Locke's Second Treatise on Government (selected extracts) (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1693 | Locke's Memorandum on the 1662 Act (United Kingdom) |
1695 | Reasons for objecting to the renewal of the Licensing Act (United Kingdom) |
1700 | Bladen's Privilege (United States) |
1704* | Defoe's Essay on the Press (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1706 | Reasons Humbly Offer'd for the Bill for the Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1709 | Reasons Humbly Offer'd for the Bill for the Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1709 | More Reasons Humbly Offer'd for the Bill for the Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1709 | Reasons Humbly Offer'd to the Consideration of the Honourable House of Commons (United Kingdom) |
1710* | Statute of Anne (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1710 | A Bill for Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1721* | Burnet v. Chetwood (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1721 | Burnet's Bill of Complaint and Chetwood's Answer (United Kingdom) |
1721 | Burnet v. Chetwood: Entries from the Court's Book of Orders (United Kingdom) |
1729 | Gay v. Read (United Kingdom) |
1735* | Engravers' Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1735 | The Case of Designers, Engravers, Etchers, &c. (United Kingdom) |
1735 | Engravers' Copyright Act (parchment copy) (United Kingdom) |
1737* | Booksellers' Bill (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1737* | Baller v. Watson: Entry from the Court's Book of Orders (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1737 | An Act for the Encouragement of Learning (Draft) (United Kingdom) |
1741* | Gyles v. Wilcox (Atkyn's Reports) (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1741* | Pope v. Curl (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1741 | Gyles v. Wilcox (Barnardiston's Report) (United Kingdom) |
1741 | Pope's Bill of Complaint, and Curl's Answer (United Kingdom) |
1741 | Pope v Curl: Entry from the Court's Book of Orders (United Kingdom) |
1746 | North Carolina Printing Privilege to Commissioners (United States) |
1747* | Warburton's Letter from an Author (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1750 | New York Law Printing Privilege (United States) |
1751 | Tonson v. Walker (United Kingdom) |
1761 | Tonson v. Collins (United Kingdom) |
1762* | Tonson v. Collins (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1762* | An Enquiry into Literary Property (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1762 | A Vindication of the Rights of Authors (United Kingdom) |
1766 | Engravers' Copyright Act (United Kingdom) |
1766 | Blackstone's Commentaries, Vol.II (selected extracts) (United Kingdom) |
1769* | Millar v. Taylor (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1772 | Second New York Law Printing Privilege (United States) |
1772 | William Billings' Second Petition (United States) |
1772 | William Billings' Printing Privilege (United States) |
1773* | Hinton v. Donaldson (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1773 | Information for Messrs John Hinton et al (United Kingdom) |
1773 | Information for Alexander Donaldson (United Kingdom) |
1774* | Donaldson v. Becket (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1774 | Hargrave's Argument in Defence of Literary Property (United Kingdom) |
1774 | The Cases of the Appellants and Respondents (United Kingdom) |
1774 | The Pleadings of the Counsel before the House (United Kingdom) |
1774 | Booksellers' Bill (United Kingdom) |
1774 | Enfield's Observations (United Kingdom) |
1774 | Macauley's A Modest Plea (United Kingdom) |
1774 | Stella's Modest Exceptions (United Kingdom) |
1775* | Stationers' Company v. Carnan (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1777* | Bach v. Longman (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1777 | Engravers' Copyright Act (United Kingdom) |
1781* | Andrew Law's Petition (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1781 | Andrew Law's Privilege (United States) |
1782 | Letter from Smith to Webster (United States) |
1783 | Petition of John Ledyard (United States) |
1783* | Connecticut Copyright Statute (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1783 | Letter from Joel Barlow to the Continental Congress (United States) |
1783 | Continental Congress Resolution (United States) |
1783 | Massachusetts Copyright Statute (United States) |
1783 | Maryland Copyright Statute (United States) |
1783 | New Jersey Copyright Statute (United States) |
1783 | New Hampshire Copyright Statute (United States) |
1783 | Rhode Island Copyright Statute (United States) |
1783 | Ledyard Petition Committee Report (United States) |
1784 | Letter from Noah Webster to James Madison (United States) |
1784 | Pennsylvania Copyright Statute (United States) |
1784 | South Carolina Copyright Statute (United States) |
1785 | Virginia Copyright Statute (United States) |
1785 | North Carolina Copyright Statute (United States) |
1786 | Georgia Copyright Statute (United States) |
1786 | New York Copyright Statute (United States) |
1787* | Calico Printers' Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1787 | Calico Printers' Act (parchment copy) (United Kingdom) |
1787 | Constitutional Convention Journal Entry (United States) |
1787 | Madison's Journal Record (United States) |
1787 | Madison's Edited Journal Record (United States) |
1788 | The Federalist No. 43 (United States) |
1789* | The Constitutional Copyright Clause (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1789 | Ramsay's Petiton House Record (United States) |
1789 | House Joint copyright and patent bill decision (United States) |
1789 | Joint Copyright Patent Bill [H.R. 10] (United States) |
1789 | Ramsay's Petition (United States) |
1790-1800 | Sample registrations (United States) |
1790* | Copyright Act (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1792 | Purcell's Printing Privilege (United States) |
1798* | Models and Busts Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1798* | Beckford v. Hood (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1798 | Models and Busts Act (parchment copy) (United Kingdom) |
1799 | Documents concerning the Models and Busts Act (United Kingdom) |
1801* | Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1801 | A Bill for the Further Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1801 | Copyright Act (parchment copy) (United Kingdom) |
1802 | 1802 Amendment (United States) |
1812 | Petition of the London Booksellers (United Kingdom) |
1813 | Petition of the Printers of London and Westminster (United Kingdom) |
1813 | Petition of the Edinburgh Booksellers (United Kingdom) |
1813 | Report of the Acts Respecting Copyright (United Kingdom) |
1813 | Select Committee Report on Acts for the Encouragement of Learning (United Kingdom) |
1813 | Select Committee Report: Minutes of Evidence (United Kingdom) |
1814* | Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1814 | Sculpture Copyright Act (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (10 May) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (19 May) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (12 July) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (18 July) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Bill to amend Acts for the Encouragement of Learning (18 May) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Bill to amend Acts for the Encouragement of Learning (7 June) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Bill to amend Acts for the Encouragement of Learning (12 July) (United Kingdom) |
1814 | Bill to amend Acts for the Encouragement of Learning (15 July) (United Kingdom) |
1818 | Select Committee Report on the Copyright Acts (United Kingdom) |
1818 | Select Committee Report: Minutes of Evidence (United Kingdom) |
1826 | Letter from Noah Webster to Daniel Webster (United States) |
1826 | Letter from Daniel Webster to Noah Webster (United States) |
1828* | Maugham's Treatise (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1828 | Letter from Donaldson to Peters (United States) |
1828 | Letter from Donaldson to Wheaton (United States) |
1828 | Letter from Peters to Donaldson (United States) |
1828 | H.R. 140 Committee Bill (United States) |
1828 | H.R. 140 Consolidated Bill (United States) |
1830 | Dramatic Writings Bill (United Kingdom) |
1830 | Judiciary Committee Report (United States) |
1830 | Letter from John McLean to Richard Peters Jr. (United States) |
1831* | Copyright Act (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1831 | House Debate (United States) |
1832 | Select Committee Report: Dramatic Literature (United Kingdom) |
1832 | Parliamentary Debates on Drama and Dramatic Literature (31 May) (United Kingdom) |
1833* | Dramatic Literary Property Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1833 | Parliamentary Debates on the Dramatic Literary Property Act (12 March) (United Kingdom) |
1833 | Parliamentary Debates on the Dramatic Literary Property Act (24 July) (United Kingdom) |
1833 | Bill to amend the Laws relating to Dramatic Literary Property (United Kingdom) |
1834* | Wheaton v. Peters (United States) |
1834* | Wheaton v. Peters Independent Report (United States) |
1834 | Letters from Sumner to Story (United States) |
1835* | Publication of Lectures Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1835 | Parliamentary Debates on the Lectures Act (24 Aug.) (United Kingdom) |
1835 | Parliamentary Debates on the Lectures Act (26 Aug.) (United Kingdom) |
1835 | Publication of Lectures Bill (United Kingdom) |
1836 | Copyright in Prints and Engravings (Ireland) Act (United Kingdom) |
1837 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (14 Dec.) (United Kingdom) |
1837 | Copyright Bill (6 June) (United Kingdom) |
1837* | Senate Report (United States) |
1837 | Petition of British Authors (United States) |
1837 | Debates in Congress (United States) |
1837 | Memorial of a Number of Citizens of the United States (United States) |
1838* | International Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1838 | Parliamentary Debates on the International Copyright Act (20 March) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Parliamentary Debates on the International Copyright Act (19 July) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (25 April) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (9 May) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (6 June) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Copyright Bill (27 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Copyright Bill (6 June) (United Kingdom) |
1838 | Address of Certain Authors (United States) |
1838 | Report, from the Committee on Patents (United States) |
1838 | Memorial of the New York Typographical Society (United States) |
1838 | Memorial of a Number of Citizens of Boston (United States) |
1839 | Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1839 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (27 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1839 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (1 May) (United Kingdom) |
1839 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (9 July) (United Kingdom) |
1840 | Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1840 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (4 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1840 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (14 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1840 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (8 July) (United Kingdom) |
1841 | Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1841 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (27 Jan.) (United Kingdom) |
1841 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (29 Jan.) (United Kingdom) |
1841 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Bill (5 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1841* | Folsom v. Marsh (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1841 | Master in Chancery Report (United States) |
1841 | S. 227 (Dramatic Works Public Performance Bill) (United States) |
1842* | Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1842* | Lowndes' Historical Sketch of the Law of Copyright (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (8 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (21 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (3 Mar.) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (16 Mar.) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (23 Mar.) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (6 April) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (20 April) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (9 May) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Parliamentary Debates on the Copyright Act (9 May) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Bill to Amend the Law of Copyright (4 March) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Bill to Amend the Law of Copyright (23 March) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Bill to Amend the Law of Copyright (21 April) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Bill to Amend the Law of Copyright (27 June) (United Kingdom) |
1842 | Memorial of a Number of Persons Concerned in Printing and Publishing (United States) |
1843 | An Address to the People of the United States (United States) |
1844* | International Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1844 | International Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1844 | H.R. 9 (Ingersoll Bill) (United States) |
1847* | Foreign Reprints Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1847 | Foreign Reprints Bill (United Kingdom) |
1847* | A Treatise on the Law of Copyright (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1848 | Jay, Bryant and Others' Memorials (United States) |
1851 | Anglo-French Copyright Treaty (United Kingdom) |
1852* | International Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1852 | Parliamentary Debates on the International Copyright Act (13 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1852 | Parliamentary Debates on the International Copyright Act (30 April) (United Kingdom) |
1852 | Copyright and Natural Right (United States) |
1853 | Blaine's Laws of Artistic Copyright (United Kingdom) |
1853 | Letters on International copyright (United States) |
1853 | British-American Copyright Convention Draft (United States) |
1853* | Stowe v. Thomas (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1853 | Stowe v. Thomas, Complainant's Bill (United States) |
1853 | Stowe v. Thomas, Defendant's Answer (United States) |
1853 | Affidavit of Harriet Beecher Stowe (United States) |
1853 | 'Uncle Tom' at Law (United States) |
1854* | Jeffreys v. Boosey (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1856* | Copyright Act Amendment (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1857 | Return of Colonies and British Possessions on Importation of Reprints (United Kingdom) |
1858 | Report of the Artistic Copyright Committee (United Kingdom) |
1860 | Turner v. Robinson (United Kingdom) |
1861 | Fine Art Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1861 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Bill (6 May) (United Kingdom) |
1861* | Confederate States of America Copyright Act (United States) |
1862* | Fine Art Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (28 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (6 March) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (20 March) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (31 March) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (22 May) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (23 May) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (5 June) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Parliamentary Debates on the Fine Art Copyright Act (24 July) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Fine Art Copyright Bill (27 Feb.) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Fine Art Copyright Bill (20 March) (United Kingdom) |
1862 | Southern Feeling (United States) |
1863 | Confederate States of America Copyright Act Amendement (United States) |
1863 | Hardee's Memorial (United States) |
1863 | International Copyright Resolution (United States) |
1865* | Copyright Act Amendment (United States) |
1869 | Artistic Copyright Bill, London (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1869 | Graves’ Case, London (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1869 | Victorian Copyright Act, Victoria (United Kingdom) |
1870* | Copinger's Law of Copyright (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1870 | Committee Report on S.703 (United States) |
1870* | Copyright Act (United States) |
1872 | Correspondence and Papers on Colonial Copyright (United Kingdom) |
1872 | International Copyright Bill (United States) |
1873 | Committee on the Library Report (United States) |
1874 | Correspondence respecting Colonial Copyright (United Kingdom) |
1878* | Royal Commissioners' Report (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1878 | Royal Commission on Copyright: Minutes of Evidence (United Kingdom) |
1879 | Copyright Consolidation Bill (United Kingdom) |
1879 | Memorial of the Royal Academy of Arts, London (United Kingdom) |
1879* | Drone on Copyright (United States) |
1879* | Baker v. Selden (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1879 | Selden's Argument (United States) |
1879 | Baker's Argument (United States) |
1882 | Oscar Wilde photograph (United States) |
1883 | Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony (United States) |
1883 | Sarony's Brief (United States) |
1883 | Burrow-Giles' Brief (United States) |
1885 | Carte v. Duff (United States) |
1886* | International Copyright Act (United Kingdom) Commentary: [1] |
1886 | International Copyright Bill (United Kingdom) |
1886 | Correspondence respecting the Copyright Union (United Kingdom) |
1886 | Berne Convention (United Kingdom) |
1886 | Committee on Patents Report (United States) |
1888 | American Authors and British Pirates (United States) |
1888 | The International Copyright Bill (United States) |
1890 | Report on H.R. 10881 (United States) |
1891 | Falk v. Brett Lithographing Co. (United States) |
1891* | International Copyright Act (The Chace Act) (United States) |
1893 | Falk v. Donaldson (United States) |
1894 | Report on H.R. 6835 (United States) |
1894 | H.R. 6835 (Cummings Bill) (United States) |
1896 | New Zealand Copyright Act, Wellington (United Kingdom) |
1896 | Public Performance Bill (United States) |
1896 | Report on H.R. 1978 (United States) |
1896 | Report on S. 2306 (United States) |
1896 | Hearing on H.R. 5976 (United States) |
1896 | Treloar Copyright Bill (H.R. 5976) (United States) |
1896 | Debate in Congress (United States) |
1896 | The Question of Copyright (United States) |
1897* | Copyright Act (Public Performance of Musical Compositions) (United States) |
1899 | Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co., District Court Decision (United States) |
1900 | Artistic Copyright Bill, London (United Kingdom) |
1900 | Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co., Circuit Court Decision (United States) |
1902 | Bleistein's Brief (United States) |
1902 | Bleistein: Donaldson Lithographing Co. Brief (United States) |
1902 | Bleistein: Three Posters (United States) |
1903* | Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co. (United States) Commentary: [1] |
1903 | Bleistein: Cartoon (United States) |